roots Behaviourism Cognitive approach introduction of mental states into Behaviourist thinking the brain-mind as information processor (stimulus - information processing - response) computer analogies Observational Modelling requires Vicarious Reinforcement seeing others rewarded will encourage us to imitate that behaviour Bo-Bo doll experiments young children imitate adult behaving aggressively towards a doll - Albert Bandura, D Ross & S A Ross 1961 young children imitate adult behaving aggressively when the adult is rewarded or at least not punished; they do not imitate an adult who is punished - Albert Bandura 1965 evaluation would the children have been so aggressive if faced with punching and kicking other children, rather than Bo-Bo dolls? Bandura failed to distinguish between playfighting and real aggression - K Durkin 1995 did familiarity with the Bo-Bo doll influence? - G Cumberbatch Demand Characteristics?